{"id":849,"date":"2022-11-04T13:06:36","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T13:06:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.paperpal.com\/blog\/?p=849"},"modified":"2024-02-21T08:56:19","modified_gmt":"2024-02-21T08:56:19","slug":"fix-sentence-fragments-in-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/academic-writing-guides\/language-grammar\/fix-sentence-fragments-in-writing","title":{"rendered":"How to Fix Sentence Fragments in Your Writing\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"bsf_rt_marker\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;What are sentence fragments? To put it simply, sentence fragments are incomplete thoughts. When writing research papers in English, it is common for your incomplete thoughts to be translated into sentence fragments. Although these fragments look like sentences \u2013 they start with a capital letter and end with a period \u2013&nbsp; sentence fragments are grammatically incorrect, and if left in academic papers, they decrease the quality of writing and thus readers\u2019 trust in the research.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"types-of-sentence-fragmentsnbsp\"><strong>Types of sentence fragments<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Complete sentences and independent clauses include a subject and a predicate. The subject is a noun that represents the person, place, or thing doing the action. The meaning of \u201cpredicate\u201d might be a little more nebulous for many writers. According to Merriam-Webster, the predicate is \u201cthe part of a sentence or clause that expresses what is said of the subject and that usually consists of a verb with or without objects, complements, or adverbial modifiers<sup>1<\/sup>.\u201d&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sentence fragments in academic writing are generally caused by three types of errors, which are described below with examples of fragmented sentences.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Missing subject \u2013 the incomplete thoughts here have no subject, only an action.&nbsp;<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>bought the supplies<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>waiting too long can miss the deadline<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li><strong>Missing or incomplete predicate \u2013 this type of sentence fragment does not include an action or the verb used is not enough by itself.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>the weather that caused the flooding<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>the only place to get this deal<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sometimes a thought that contains a verb is still a sentence fragment because that verb requires a direct object to be complete. Such verbs are called transitive verbs<em>.<\/em> Again, from Merriam-Webster, \u201cA transitive verb is a verb that requires a direct object, which is a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase that follows the verb and completes the sentence&#8217;s meaning by indicating the person or thing that receives the action of the verb<sup>1<\/sup>.\u201d&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>she sent<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>the talking decorations annoyed<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\"><li><strong>Subordinate clause unconnected to an independent clause \u2013 these types of clauses can be easily identified because they begin with words known as subordinate conjunctions, such as when, because, as long as, and whenever.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>before the study was completed<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>when the accident happened<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>with the new change in the process<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You may notice that all these types of sentence fragments are used quite often in every-day speech and in magazines<sup>3<\/sup><sup>2<\/sup>. You will even find many examples of sentence fragments used for stylistic purposes in literature. However, you will need to correct and eliminate them from you academic writing to deliver polished manuscripts.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"how-to-fix-a-fragmented-sentencenbsp\"><strong>How to fix a fragmented sentence<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first step in fixing the fragmented sentences in your manuscript is to identify them. Most can be found by merely reading each individual sentence carefully. Reading them out loud can also be very useful in identifying fragmented sentences. Try to imagine reading the sentence to a person you don\u2019t know. Will that person understand clearly what you\u2019re trying to say? Can you identify a subject and predicate or verb in each sentence? Are all subordinate clauses attached to an independent clause?&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Once you identify a sentence fragment, you can eliminate it in several ways, depending on the type of fragmented sentence. Here are a few methods you can use to fix the types of sentence fragments described above.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Missing subject \u2013 this type of sentence fragment can be fixed either by simply adding a subject or rewriting the sentence.<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>The researcher<\/em><\/strong><em> bought the supplies.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Waiting too long can make <\/em><strong><em>him<\/em><\/strong><em> miss the deadline.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/?utm_source=contentmarketing&amp;utm_medium=paperpal-blog&amp;utm_campaign=sentence-fragments\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"200\" src=\"http:\/\/www.paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/03_WordBanner_780x200px-12.png\" alt=\"How to fix sentence fragments in writing\" class=\"wp-image-818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/03_WordBanner_780x200px-12.png 780w, https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/03_WordBanner_780x200px-12-300x77.png 300w, https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/03_WordBanner_780x200px-12-768x197.png 768w, https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/03_WordBanner_780x200px-12-585x150.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li><strong>Missing or incomplete predicate \u2013 you can fix this type of fragmented sentence by adding or completing the predicate or rewriting the sentence.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The weather that caused the flooding <\/em><strong><em>occurred last week.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The only place to get this deal <\/em><strong><em>is here.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>She sent <\/em><strong><em>the package<\/em><\/strong><em>.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The talking decorations annoyed <\/em><strong><em>me.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"3\"><li><strong>Subordinate clause unconnected to an independent clause \u2013 Fix these types of sentence fragments by attaching the subordinate clause to an independent clause.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Before the study was completed, <\/em><strong><em>he began writing the report.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>I was not at home <\/em><\/strong><em>when the accident happened.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>With the new change in the process, <\/em><strong><em>more articles will be published<\/em><\/strong><em>.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By identifying and correcting fragmented sentences, you can greatly increase the quality of your writing and present a more polished manuscript. Better quality writing leads to more trust in your paper and in your research.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"referencesnbsp\"><strong>References<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Merriam-Webster Dictionary. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.merriam-webster.com<\/a>. [Accessed October 31, 2022]&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"2\"><li>Purdue Online Writing Lab. Sentence fragments. <a href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/mechanics\/sentence_fragments.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/general_writing\/mechanics\/sentence_fragments.html<\/a> [Accessed October 31, 2022]&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;What are sentence fragments? To put it simply, sentence fragments are incomplete thoughts. When writing research papers in English, it is common for your incomplete thoughts to be translated into&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":850,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","_ayudawp_aiss_exclude":false,"_ayudawp_aiss_summary":"","_ayudawp_aiss_summary_provider":"","_ayudawp_aiss_summary_hash":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[124],"tags":[150],"class_list":["post-849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-language-grammar","tag-sentence-fragments"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Fix Sentence Fragments in Your Writing | Paperpal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When writing research papers in English, it\u2019s common for incomplete thoughts to be translated into sentence fragments. 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I started out as a math and statistics instructor and tutor and then moved into administration as the director of planning and research for two community colleges. This position involved extensive report writing, including statistical and research results and grant and accreditation reports. I earned a bachelor\u2019s degree in chemical engineering and a master\u2019s in math with a concentration in actuarial science. I have also taken numerous post-graduate courses in data management, institutional research, and higher education, including some writing-intensive Ph.D. level research courses. When I\u2019m not working or reading, I\u2019m often doing volunteer work with my local canine rescue group. I have three dogs of my own and am usually fostering one or two, which keeps me on my toes.","url":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/author\/julznc-rr-com"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/849","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=849"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3415,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/849\/revisions\/3415"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/paperpal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}