Writing a synthesis essay is often considered challenging, as it requires not only the ability to read and synthesize various sources, viewpoints, and data into a cohesive narrative but also an understanding of the complexities of scholarly writing and academic communication. However, scholars must not confuse it with other forms of academic writing. This article aims to explain the nuances of synthesis essay writing and provides practical tips on how to make it compelling and impactful.
A synthesis essay is not simply a summary of sources but rather a critical analysis of them. It encourages scholars to collate and study available information on a topic from varied sources and to form insightful connections based on their research. In doing so, synthesis essays teach scholars the art of critical thinking by making them evaluate and compare various viewpoints. It helps them to blend information from different sources into a cohesive argument. These essays also enable scholars to develop skills that help them to build strong arguments supported by evidence. Overall, synthesis essays enhance the ability to think critically and argue effectively.(1)(5)
The synthesis essay can be categorized into two types: explanatory/informative synthesis essay and argumentative synthesis essay. While both approaches utilize multiple sources to explore a subject from various angles, they serve different purposes.
An explanatory synthesis aims to understand a viewpoint or rationale about the subject matter, whereas an argumentative synthesis seeks to assert a claim regarding the subject. Thorough research, informative content, a comprehensive scope, and an objective tone characterize explanatory synthesis. They are suitable when the objective of the writing is to provide unbiased information rather than critique or argue a specific claim.
Argumentative synthesis also involves extensive research, informative content, and a broad scope, but it emphasizes making a clear argument or claim. Argumentative synthesis essays are appropriate when the writing task aims to assert a claim rather than solely inform.
Synthesis essays often follow a five-paragraph structure. Let’s take a look at its general framework:
A well-crafted synthesis essay skilfully guides readers through a web of ideas and source materials to establish or clarify a significant overarching argument. Follow this guide to write your essay:
Q: What should be included in a synthesis essay?
A: A synthesis essay includes an introduction with a clear thesis, a body supporting the thesis with evidence from various sources, and a conclusion summarizing the main points and restating the thesis. Properly citing sources is essential throughout the essay.
Q: What to avoid when writing a synthesis essay?
A: Avoid just summarizing sources. Instead, analyze and integrate them to support your argument. Use multiple sources and address opposing views to strengthen your essay.
Q: What is the difference between explanatory and synthesis essays?
A: Explanatory essays explain ideas directly, often without multiple sources. Synthesis essays analyze various sources to present a comprehensive perspective.
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